[LeetCode]23. Merge k Sorted Lists

分治

Posted by JinFei on March 31, 2020

题目描述

Merge k sorted linked lists and return it as one sorted list. Analyze and describe its complexity.

Example1:

Input: [ 1->4->5, 1->3->4, 2->6 ] Output: 1->1->2->3->4->4->5->6

解题思路

  • 单来说就是不停的对半划分,比如k个链表先划分为合并两个 k/2 个链表的任务,再不停的往下划分,直到划分成只有一个或两个链表的任务,开始合并。
  • 举个例子来说比如合并6个链表,那么按照分治法,首先分别合并0和3,1和4,2和5。这样下一次只需合并3个链表,再合并1和3,最后和2合并就可以了。
  • 代码中的k是通过 (n+1)/2 计算的,这里为啥要加1呢,这是为了当n为奇数的时候,k能始终从后半段开始,比如当 n=5 时,那么此时 k=3,则0和3合并,1和4合并,最中间的2空出来。当n是偶数的时候,加1也不会有影响,比如当 n=4 时,此时 k=2,那么0和2合并,1和3合并
  • 注意第二个循环,应该i是从0开始,到size / 2,而不应该是k(会报内存错误)
/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) {
        int size = lists.size();
        if(size == 0){
            return nullptr;
        }
        int i = 0;
        while(size > 1){
            int k = (size + 1) / 2 ;
            for(int i = 0; i < size / 2; i++){  // 这里循环的条件 应该是 size / 2,而不应该是k
            
                lists[i] = mergeTwoList(lists[i], lists[i + k]);
            }
            size = k;
        }
        return lists[0];
    }
    
    ListNode* mergeTwoList(ListNode* headA, ListNode* headB){
        if(headA == nullptr && headB == nullptr){
            return nullptr;
        }
        if(headA == nullptr && headB != nullptr){
            return headB;
        }
        if(headA != nullptr && headB == nullptr){
            return headA;
        }
        ListNode* preNode = new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode* copyhead = preNode;
        ListNode* nodeA = headA;
        ListNode* nodeB = headB;
        if(nodeA -> val < nodeB -> val){
            preNode -> next = nodeA;
            preNode = nodeA;
            nodeA = nodeA -> next;
        }else{
            preNode -> next = nodeB;
            preNode = nodeB;
            nodeB = nodeB -> next;
        }
        while(nodeA && nodeB){
            if(nodeA -> val < nodeB -> val){
                preNode -> next = nodeA;
                preNode = nodeA;
                nodeA = nodeA -> next;
            }else{
                preNode -> next = nodeB;
                preNode = nodeB;
                nodeB = nodeB -> next;
            }
        }
        if(nodeA){
            preNode -> next = nodeA;
        }
        if(nodeB){
            preNode -> next = nodeB;
        }
        
        return copyhead -> next;
    } 
    
};
/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) {
        if(lists.size() == 0){
            return NULL;
        }
        int size = lists.size();
        while(size > 1){
            int k = (size + 1) / 2;
            for(int i = 0; i < size / 2; i++){
                lists[i] = merge2Lists(lists[i], lists[i + k]);
            }
            size = k;
        }
        return lists[0];
    }
    ListNode* merge2Lists(ListNode* head1, ListNode* head2){
        if(head1 == NULL && head2 == NULL){
            return NULL;
        }
        if(head1 == NULL){
            return head2;
        }
        if(head2 == NULL){
            return head1;
        }
        ListNode* pNode = NULL;
        ListNode* pHead = NULL;
        ListNode* pNode1 = head1;
        ListNode* pNode2 = head2;
        if(pNode1 -> val < pNode2 -> val){
            pNode = pNode1;
            pNode1 = pNode1 -> next;
        }else{
            pNode = pNode2;
            pNode2 = pNode2 -> next;
        }
        pHead = pNode;
        while(pNode1 && pNode2){
            if(pNode1 -> val < pNode2 -> val){
                pNode -> next = pNode1;
                pNode = pNode1;
                pNode1 = pNode1 -> next;
            }else{
                pNode -> next = pNode2;
                pNode = pNode2;
                pNode2 = pNode2 -> next;
            }
        }
        if(pNode1){
            pNode -> next = pNode1;
        }
        if(pNode2){
            pNode -> next = pNode2;
        }
        
        return pHead;
    }
};